月度归档： 2025 年 3 月

Wen | Mirror Entertainment, author | Liang Jialie, editor Zhang Fengyi

"In 1995, the" Red Fan District "established the Spring Festival file, and now I have participated in the first Spring Festival file of online movies, which is quite meaningful to my own film life." In an interview, director Tang Jili expressed his special feelings about this year’s online release of new films and his participation in online Spring Festival archives.

This year’s Spring Festival is a bit special.

Today, seven Chinese New Year movies, including Detective Chinatown 3, Hi, Mom and A Writer’s Odyssey, have been launched in major theaters one after another. At 13: 47 this afternoon, Detective Chinatown 3 broke the record of 1.458 billion yuan on the first day of the 2019 Chinese New Year movie, and a new single-day box office record for China movies was set.

At the same time, the diary of making a fortune directed and starring by Song Xiaobao and two new films of The Legend of Shaolin Temple directed by Tang Jili and starring Wang Baoqiang and Dahong Ni have also logged into iQiyi at 10 o’clock this morning.

When recalling the origin of the concept of Spring Festival stalls, Tang Jili mentioned that cinemas were closed during the Spring Festival before 1995. At that time, because "Hongfan District" sold so well, cinemas were opened during the Spring Festival. Because of a small episode, there will be an attractive effect for high-quality filmmakers in the next 20 years.

The first "Spring Festival" in the online movie market came suddenly and pleasantly.

The proposal of "celebrating the New Year on the spot" this year has given many young people who don’t go home for the New Year a chance to get rid of the soul torture of "being urged to marry by all kinds". At the same time, during the seven-day long holiday of the Spring Festival, they also have more disposable entertainment time.

On social platforms, discussions about "what to do at home during the Spring Festival this year" come and go … Apart from exercising, reading, studying and playing games, many people said that they would take this opportunity to clean up their homes and improve the "house quality"; There are still people who want to be exquisite "dry rice people", even if their cooking skills are not enough, they must put together; Among many homebody games, Switch and online werewolf killing are favored; Of course, if you are a migrant worker who has been busy for a year, it may be most desirable to lie quietly on the sofa.

In addition to punching in all the dramas that haven’t been finished yet, this year, many people have chosen to nest on the sofa and open a new online film …

From 2012 to 2021The online schedule has finally "laid hands on" the new film at the cinema level.

In the Spring Festival file where the audience’s demand for watching movies soared, the three major video websites of Aiyouteng jointly launched the online Spring Festival file. In fact, the scheduled operation of video platforms in the film field has a long history.

At the end of 2012, iQiyi launched the concept of "Movie Network New Year File". At that time, the second part of Xú Zhēng’s "Embarrassment" series "Too Embarrassed for People" was launched on the line of iQiyi shortly after it was released in the cinema. However, at that time, the video platform combined the online release of cinema films with important schedules, more for the sake of attracting users’ attention.

Later, the scheduling operation was used more and more skillfully, and the deployment of important movie schedules by video websites basically became the norm. In 2019, both iQiyi and Tencent Video launched "online summer files", among which iQiyi launched cinema movies such as Alita and Munich, and online movies such as Chen Xiang’s 6: 30 Building. At the same time, more than 100 movies including science fiction and main theme were gathered in the "Summer Brush File" area of the station.

A few years ago, there was still a window period between new cinema films released online and cinemas, and there were not many cinema-level films released exclusively online. However, this situation was reversed in 2020.

In February, 2020, the movie "Flying Dragon Crossing the River" starring Donnie Yen was launched in the form of PVOD (single-chip payment). Since then, films such as Spring Tide, Spring River Plumbing, Mr. Monster and Cold-blooded Feast have started the tide of online single-chip payment distribution.

Under the influence of the epidemic, film and television companies have regarded online distribution as one of the key points in the next stage at forums such as the Shanghai Film Festival and the press conferences of major film companies in the past year.

This is not a helpless move in a special period. After online movies have cultivated enough market space, many users who know movies have become accustomed to opening video platforms to find a good movie, and many traditional filmmakers have gradually established their trust in online distribution, the epidemic has actually only played a catalytic and accelerated role. Even without the influence of external objective factors, good movies will embrace online on a large scale sooner or later, and it is only a matter of time.

In 2021, the emergence of online Spring Festival files became this turning point. The two films "Diary of Making a Rich" and The Legend of Shaolin Temple are not losing new cinema films, which shows that the industry is optimistic about this new distribution channel. In order to make this historic online Spring Festival file play a greater role, three video platforms made a joint promotion.

In fact, since last year, the simulcast mode of several video platforms has been applied to individual single-chip paid films, such as "Chen Xiang’s Folk Master at 6: 30" which was released in iQiyi and Youku at the same time, and "Mr. Monster" which was released in PVOD mode in three head video platforms at the same time.

The goal of this alliance of the three platforms is to make the concept of online Spring Festival archives truly land, and let online distribution enter a new stage of scheduled, large-scale and systematic output. Behind this is the determination of streaming media to create a new market for film practitioners online.

It can be imagined that after the scheduled operation of video websites has changed, the films released online in the future can choose the featured and differentiated online schedule more freely. This means that many films will no longer have to be delayed because of the scheduling problem, which will affect the return of funds, and small and medium-sized films can also open up differentiated competitive advantages in online distribution.

If the D2C mode (Direct-to-Consumer) is realized, movies may be able to create a "double 11" movie festival on the video platform, just like e-commerce. According to the model of double 11, in recent years, e-commerce platforms have spawned numerous shopping festivals, such as "618", "Good Things Festival" and "New Year Festival", which are almost three days long and five days long. As long as there are more online movies in the future, video websites can create more online schedules and movie festivals like e-commerce platforms.

A new TO C scene that makes more movies "look up"

In 2020, there will be 78 online movies with over 10 million accounts on the three major video platforms, among which only iQiyi owns 42 online movies with over 10 million accounts.

Nowadays, online viewing is more convenient, the scenes are more abundant, and the viewing technology is constantly improving. For example, iQiyi has loaded new technologies such as 4K, Dolby Horizon HDR, Dolby Panoramic Sound, iQiyi HDR and ultra-high frame rate in the "Super Cinema", and these advantages are constantly deepening the potential of the online movie market.

The reason why the streaming media platform can promote online distribution to such a high volume in a year or two is that it meets the needs of the audience, and at the same time, the online distribution channel is essentially needed by the film market.

Nowadays, under the "parallel scene" where online and offline work together, it is most important to let the right film be released in the right scene. For example, Operation Red Sea The Wandering Earth and other heavy industries, big special effects, and large-scale movies, as well as My People，My Country, which are more likely to arouse the "national sentiment", are more suitable for cinema release, while light-weight movies such as Spring Tide and Spring River Plumbing, which are relatively low in cost and more suitable for long-term fermentation, are now more selected for online release.

The strengthening of the head effect in the cinema market has brought a more intense competitive environment. Even though the box office explosions and dark horses are exciting, there are many films below 10 million box office. In this context, the online distribution channel constructed by the video platform undoubtedly provides a new breakthrough opportunity for the middle and tail films.

The maturity of the online distribution business model provides a strong guarantee for the film side to generate income. In 2020, Iqiyi became the first video platform in China to show movies in PVOD mode, which made online distribution in addition to sub-accounts, and added the same TO C mode as offline movie tickets. This new business model is oriented to the movie value itself, and it is also a long-term cultivation of online movie users’ consumption habits.

According to the latest data from Hub Entertainment Research, the PVOD model is being welcomed by young consumers, and more than 60% of the respondents (aged 18-34) said that they might pay for the latest release of movie on demand. This also indicates that the PVOD model will become an important carrier for the film to achieve profitability and feed back the content creation at present and in the future.

The online distribution channels constructed by video platforms such as iQiyi not only bring a new choice and possibility for the diversified content in the film market, but also provide a new exhibition stage for film creators.

Online distribution with multiple loads can bring new channels for new directors to reach the audience. As Tang Jili said: "Many young directors may not be able to get on the cinema, which has a great publicity cost, and with the network platform, it can help train more young filmmakers of a new generation."

"Butterfly Effect" of Brand Operation

Whether it is the continuous increase in the number of new films released on the network of Aiyouteng’s three platforms, or the new scene of TO C created by iQiyi in PVOD mode, or the gradual evolution of online distribution in the whole film industry, it is the driving force for the ecological formation of online distribution.

In this process, the branded operation of online distribution channels is also a sign that the market is moving towards a mature stage. Although online distribution has just started, it may be too early to discuss the brand operation of online cinema, but the forward-looking video platform has consciously launched its own online cinema brand and cinema brand.

After all, for the whole film industry, online distribution is the general trend. In the future, if the video platform wants to gain the core competitiveness in the online distribution market, the brand operation ability is an indispensable link. Therefore, after forming their own barriers in the field of variety and drama, the video platform is now forming an early brand division in the film field.

In 2020, when more than 10 new films such as Spring Tide, Spring River Plumbing, Marriage Story, We Never Give Up and Journey were released, iQiyi emphasized its online cinema brand "Super Cinema".

Ren Xiaoxiao, a producer in The Legend of Shaolin Temple, mentioned in an interview recently that video platforms all want to build a super cinema brand, which actually reflects the service requirements of network users, including but not limited to audio-visual quality. The audience’s appetite is always "sharp", and the video platform needs to meet the requirements of the audience for "pioneer" and innovation through brand operation.

Perhaps, this brand operation is an initial point, which will realize a "butterfly effect" in the dynamic system of the film market.

It can be imagined that when more and more high-quality films break the ceiling of revenue through online cinema brands, the divergence of brand effect will attract more users to choose online viewing, and drive more industry practitioners to re-examine the online value and participate in it.

This will be a process of continuously attracting partners and talents for online distribution. When this magnetic field accommodates more and more high-quality practitioners, it will have a positive impact on the improvement of network content quality and the breakthrough of users and industrial scale.

Just as the cinema market has developed for many years, there have emerged cinema companies such as Wanda Cinema, Dadi Cinema and United Cinema. They have stimulated the movie-watching needs of fans by virtue of brand image building, and also attracted a large number of fixed fans and partners through their own hard power. The growth and scale expansion of these cinema brands have naturally become one of the driving forces for the development of the film industry.

Judging from the current development of online distribution, several video platforms are more similar in business model and brand operation.

In the process of absorbing cinema-level new films, the penetration of each platform into the film industry may be different, but from the perspective of development track, the biggest difference in the future may come from the number and variety of single-chip paid films on the platform.

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In the face of the proposal of "celebrating the New Year on the spot", the three platforms quickly launched the online Spring Festival file in 2021. This high-speed coping ability was precipitated in the process of deepening the online film market, and what was revealed behind it was the trust and consensus between online and offline, and the filmmakers in the whole industry.

If the centralized delivery of high-quality new films in the online Spring Festival can make the market see the content cohesion and production capacity of online movie-watching brands and the potential of offline market in PVOD mode, then the online distribution channel is bound to go to more filmmakers.

Nowadays, online distribution has become a new slogan of "the future can be expected" on a global scale. This is inseparable from the accidental factor of epidemic, and also from the continuous efforts of streaming media online movie market and distribution ecology, such as the launch of PVOD model and the branded operation of online cinemas, which are all "building a foundation" for this growing market.

Nowadays, the film market has entered a new stage of the development of cinema and online double-line, which are intertwined in parallel and bring a brand-new chemical reaction to the whole industry in the integration.

Rome was not built in a day, but the online movie market is also accelerating in its own way under the scheduled operation and brand operation.

More exciting content, pay attention to titanium media micro-signal (ID: taimeiti), or download titanium media App.

In 1953, the Senior Nursing School of Peking Union Medical College was officially dissolved after 33 years of spring and autumn.

Prior to this, the senior nursing school and the medical college went through several times of disintegration and baptism by gunfire, as well as harsh "elite education", English teaching, elimination mechanism, internship, studying in the United States … The highlight and darkness coexist, and the inside story of education remains unchanged.

After that, nursing education entered the period of "technical secondary school mode", in which "Secondary Five" was common (that is, graduating from junior high school and going to technical secondary health school) and "Senior Six" was rare (high school+junior college was six years). Nie Yuchan, the former president of the Nursing School of Peking Union Medical College, once said: "After four months of hard migration and running schools in the rear during the war, the nursing school of Peking Union Medical College was not retained.". It was not until the 1980s that it gradually regained its glory. In 1983, Tianjin Medical College first set up five-year undergraduate nursing education, which brought it back to light.

The work of nurses is often replaced by "injection" and "medicine distribution", and the academic background of nurses is often synonymous with "poor students". Stable work, integrated with medicine, is often excluded from medicine.

Prescription right is not a precedent, and it has existed abroad for a long time. However, in China, the soil of nursing vocational education is not perfect, and the implementation of nurse prescription right is also stumbling.

By the end of 2021, the number of registered nurses in National Health Commission has reached 5.018 million, and nearly 80% of them have graduated from colleges and universities. However, according to Liu Hua, director of the nursing department of a hospital in Shenzhen, "education is the cornerstone of practice, and at this stage, most of our vocational education (that is, the mechanism of sending students from Secondary Five/third-party labor) may still be difficult to match the difficulty and intensity of hospital work."

The liberalization of the rights and interests of nurses’ prescription right in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is only the beginning, and a series of supporting facilities such as the entry threshold for specialized nurses have not been supplemented, and the reshaping of vocational education in related disciplines is the fundamental.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Caijiandao (id: artofwealthandhealth)Author: Zhang Yuqi, Yan Yang, editor: Yang Zhongxu, drawing: Zhang Yuqi, original title: "Shenzhen nurses can prescribe! Patient trust, talent gap, industrial outbreak, still waiting for time ",the first picture comes from: vision china.

On June 23rd, news came out from Shenzhen Special Economic Zone that nurses would have the right to prescribe with certain authority. At that time, applause and controversy arose at the same time, and there was a discussion around the scope, power and responsibility of nurses’ right to prescribe.

In the revised Medical Regulations of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone(hereinafter referred to as "medical regulations")Article 64 clearly states,Nurses with specialist nurse certificates can issue examination application forms, treatment application forms, topical drugs and other practice activities in nursing specialist clinics or community health service institutions.

This local medical regulation, known as the "advanced upgraded version" of the SAR medical regulations, will be implemented on January 1, 2023.

According to the practitioners involved in the revision of medical regulations, before the final version was published, they participated in the revision of 13 different versions. The specific rules behind the "nurse’s prescription right" in the medical regulations and the division of rights and interests are still under planning.

The "dispute over prescription right" is not about who signs and who is responsible, but about the same frequency resonance of the practice level, vocational education and supporting measures behind the prescription right.

Zhangyan, head nurse of comprehensive rehabilitation department of a hospital in Shenzhen, mentioned many times in her communication with her peers.Nurses’ prescription right not only benefits nurses themselves, but also benefits patients..

Patients don’t want to go back and forth and register repeatedly, but they are subject to the authority. Nurses often have the skills and can change clothes, but they don’t have the authority, which is a double loss of money and time for patients.

Of course, "if there is only a single prescription right, it can’t go too far," Liu Hua said.

According to Huang Wei, director of the medical department of a hospital in Shenzhen, although it is a good thing for nurses to let go of prescription rights, in the medical regulations, prescriptions prescribed by doctors can be reimbursed by medical insurance, and it is still inconclusive whether the prescriptions prescribed by nurses can be connected with medical insurance in the future.　

How far the nurse’s prescription power goes is unknown, but medical treatment itself is a long process of trust. Doctors are trusting nurses, and patients are choosing medical care.

First, the limited right of nurses to prescribe

Nurses’ prescription right has long existed.

In 2017, Anhui Province took the lead in trying to give nurses the right to prescribe. Compared with the regulations of Shenzhen, the scope of prescription right of nurses in Anhui Province was narrower and the assessment was more stringent, which was expressed by a formula: "Strict assessment mechanism+specialist nursing clinic = limited prescription right under the guidance of doctors".

Senior nurses have more rights and interests, the academic community is exploring, and the industry is crossing the river by feeling the stones.

This year(2017)Peking University College of Nursing recruits the first batch of senior practicing nurses in chronic disease management in China.(2, equivalent to practicing nurses in the United States)After completing the professional master’s course and clinical practice training, it is expected to become a pioneer with limited prescription rights and participation in chronic disease management.

Nurse practitioner（NP，nurse practitione）Clinically, it is often called "nurse doctor", which refers to a registered nurse who is specially trained to provide many primary health care usually carried out by doctors. Their nurses with specialized skills and knowledge can diagnose and treat patients and have the right to prescribe.

According to statistics, from 2012 to 2017, Guangdong Nursing Association trained ICU in five years.(intensive care unit)There are 2836 specialist nurses in 14 specialties, including specialist nurses and static therapy specialist nurses. On this premise, in 2018, hospitals in Guangdong Province successively opened nursing clinics, PICC clinics, midwifery clinics and wound ostomy clinics.

When the outpatient service is opened, the rights and interests are released, pointing to who owns the prescription right within the outpatient service.

According to zhangyan’s recollection, the prescription right of nurses was very limited at that time, and only a few head nurses had the authority to apply for treatment.

For example, when a patient with stress injury goes to the hospital for face-to-face consultation, the nurse first evaluates the wound condition in the dressing changing room of the outpatient clinic, then registers with the doctor, and then the doctor makes a prescription for dressing change, and then the outpatient nurse changes the dressing. The whole process is summed up in the queue at the payment office, the consultation room or the dressing changing room, and the time cost and registration cost are drowned in the hospital. In fact, if the nurse has certain prescription rights, most of the dressing changing problems can be solved.

Having the right to prescribe is not only for improving personal rights and interests, but also for patients.

Many head nurses said that although patients have much higher trust in doctors than nurses, with the improvement of nurses’ professional skills, patients’ trust is also improving. Huang Wei said that the division of labor between doctors and nurses in hospitals is different. Some treatments, such as PICC catheterization and nursing, are more professional for nurses; Some such as deep vein catheterization.(Infusion port implantation)Our doctors are more familiar with the operation, but they need nurses to change the dressing.

Opening up the rights and interests of nurses is convenient for nursing and the promotion of autonomy. For doctors, it diverts doctors’ prescription rights, and the work pressure itself is great. Why not release some rights that should be diverted? Huang Weiru said.

As early as October, 2021, when west china hospital started the Senior Practical Nurse Program, the relevant nursing professionals felt that if vocational education and medical treatment were derailed, nurses’ autonomy and nursing professional level could not be improved.

The expansion of prescription right continues.

Although Anhui Province, as the leader of the "pilot project", "sank" the first batch of 78 senior nurses to the grassroots level to carry out specialist nursing clinics to supplement the position of general practitioners, Anhui’s prescription rights have not really landed, and the rights and interests of nurses under the guidance of doctors are still limited.

Controversy among all parties is difficult to implement, which is the first step to limit the promotion of nurses’ prescription rights.

Liu Hua mentioned that in the dispute of prescription right, the most intuitive feeling is who owns the graded nursing prescription for clinical patients. Nursing majors learn how to distinguish between primary care and secondary care in medical college. Although it is necessary to distinguish the nursing levels of patients in clinical practice, in practice, the prescription right of graded care is not owned by nurses, and the graded care prescribed by doctors is sometimes not necessarily right, but it is actually difficult to shake the power to follow and follow the doctor’s advice.

In addition, how to make patients trust is also a long process in the promotion process.

According to Wang Li, the head nurse of the emergency department of a hospital in Shenzhen, some of her peers are specialized nurses in wound repair in Guangdong Province.(also the head nurse of the surgical ward)She helps patients to repair pressure ulcers by opening an outpatient clinic. Different from clinicians, nurses work in three shifts, have the most contact with patients, give consideration to clinical and outpatient services, and need to make patients trust nurses, so the difficulty coefficient is greatly improved. How to make patients accept nurses to sit in the clinic? How to find patients who need more help? Every question needs thinking.

Driving the clinic into the ward was the idea of the peers at that time. To this end, her colleagues went deep into the ward to help deal with liquefied wounds, pressure ulcers, diabetic feet, etc. in the department, and the word-of-mouth effect started, and the patient’s trust in nurses also improved.

At present, the nurses’ prescription rights in Shenzhen medical regulations are still being explored, and their rights and interests are expanding compared with those in other places. However, the detailed rules have not been drawn up and the contents have not been implemented. Whether it can be successful or not, and to what extent, everything remains to be seen.

Second, what power does the prescription right give nurses?

Medical treatment is never trivial.

Shenzhen’s short words about nurses’ prescription rights are behind the fact that patients’ huge needs for professional nursing and out-of-hospital nursing have not been met for a long time.

It is worth noting that,The subject of releasing nurses’ prescription right actually refers to specialist nurses, not all nurses..

What is a specialist nurse? Based on the description of many practitioners, it can be simply understood that there are high-level expert nurses in some nursing fields, with corresponding qualifications, long experience and high level.

At present, the qualification of specialist nurses is mainly obtained through a series of processes: hospital recommendation registration, passing examination, participating in study and rotation.

Zhangyan told Caijiandao that those who can be recommended by the hospital to participate in specialist nurse training must first be the best recognized by everyone in the department. Secondly, there are certain requirements for professional titles, at least nurses.(Junior nurse-nurse-nurse in charge)Generally, the top three hospitals should ask for a supervisor nurse or above.

Wang Li also said that taking the emergency department as an example, first, the nurses who participated in the training should have at least 5 years of working experience in the emergency department; Second, the education must be at least undergraduate; Third, applicants should take the initiative to have self-improvement requirements and career planning, and finally have a sense of responsibility. Specialist nurses not only improve their personal ability, but also play a leading role in the team.

However, at present, there are only some simple and wide-ranging regulations on the qualification of specialist nurses, and the final standard is still for each hospital to make its own decisions. In the future, the admission standards and training standards for specialist nurses still need to be unified by the state.

It cannot be ignored that,Behind the industry’s promotion and expectation for specialist nurses is a huge gap in the high-quality nursing market, especially the demand for out-of-hospital nursing market, which is gradually becoming clear under the promotion of measures such as family wards and community nursing..

Huang Wei mentioned that specialist nurses have the right to prescribe, which can not only improve nurses’ enthusiasm and sense of work value, but also greatly facilitate patients, which can be said to be multi-faceted.

For example, in the expanding family bed mode, for patients who suffer from stroke sequelae or stay in bed for a long time, nurses can completely perform some daily operations like changing stomach tubes, etc. After the official promulgation of the regulations, many obstacles will be cleared away for such long-term care scenes outside the hospital, and the huge gap in the rehabilitation industry has already attracted the attention of capital.

Although it is still a minority insurance at present, under the guidance of long-term insurance, commercial institutions have participated extensively, and all kinds of social capital have also accelerated the pace of entering the aged care service market, and on-site medical care services are expected to gradually increase.

According to the data of China Long-term Care Insurance Market Potential Research Report, the whole long-term care insurance market is predicted to grow to 2.7 trillion yuan by 2030. Liu Hongbo, deputy general manager of Taikang Pension Insurance Co., Ltd., has publicly stated that the long-term care insurance payment lever will incite the 800 billion old-age care market scale.

Zhang Yan has more expectations for the practical application scenarios after the release of nurses’ prescription rights.

She has been engaged in rehabilitation nursing for nearly 20 years. When talking about community nursing service, zhangyan said that many nurses are reluctant to go to patients’ homes to provide some continuous nursing services, because the process is cumbersome and there is no legal protection. Zhangyan emphasized that nurses’ prescription rights have not been released, so any behavior of nurses can only be carried out according to the doctor’s advice, and there are many obstacles to be solved in practical work.

She cited an example around her. A patient was still in a coma when he was discharged from the hospital, and he was obese. There were no stairs at home. When he was discharged from the hospital, his family had to invite several big men to carry him to the seventh floor. What is distressing is that the patient has a stomach tube and a urinary tube inserted because his trachea has been cut, so daily care is extremely necessary.

Community nurses are extremely embarrassed about the door-to-door. If nurses operate on their own, it is actually against the rules. However, according to hospital standards, the insertion of gastric tubes needs to be confirmed by filming, and it is extremely inconvenient for patients to move, which undoubtedly puts patients’ families and nurses in a dilemma.

Zhangyan said that the rehabilitation effect of many patients he handled after discharge was far less than that in the hospital, because of the lack of knowledge and skills of rehabilitation nursing. For these patients, there is no need for a doctor’s diagnosis, but a guide of professional rehabilitation knowledge and skills. If the nurse’s prescription right is released, then the nurse can come to the door and do a lot.

Third, can vocational education and medical insurance keep up behind the prescription right?

Since 2017, the exploration of nurses’ prescription rights has a long history.

At present, the specific qualification evaluation, training requirements and medical insurance convergence of nurses’ prescription rights in Shenzhen have not yet been promulgated, and the detailed rules of relevant regulations have not yet been published.

Huang Wei mentioned a very realistic problem in the whole process of liberalizing nurses’ prescription rights, that is, access to medical insurance.

Huang Wei introduced,At present, the medical insurance regulations stipulate that doctors can prescribe medical insurance, and all items that need to be charged in the ward must be issued on the doctor’s advice. Whether the prescriptions prescribed by nurses in the future can also be connected to medical insurance is not stipulated at present..

Prescription not only represents rights, but also represents responsibilities. Wang Li stressed that if there is a medical dispute due to inappropriate dosage or usage on the prescription, the nurse who prescribed the prescription should also bear legal responsibility. There are many kinds of drugs themselves, and the opening and future of prescription rights need the guidance and joint participation of professionals.

Another problem that can’t be ignored is whether the number of specialist nurses can meet the needs of patients in the future with the gradual liberalization of nurses’ prescription rights.

Xu Yucai, former deputy director of the Health Bureau of Shanyang County, Shaanxi Province, told Caijiandao that there are many factors behind the slow progress of nurses’ prescription rights in China. The first is that the foundation of nursing education in China is too low. Many schools have three-year nursing programs, and most of them are directly recruited from junior high school graduates. Undergraduate nursing education started late. This also leads to the weak cultural foundation of nurses in China as a whole, and the problem of traditional understanding of medical services, which leads to the fact that nurses can only undertake auxiliary work in clinical medical treatment.

In the continuing education, there is also the lack of systematization and standardization of nursing education, and the incomplete training system of specialized nurses, which leads to the fact that clinical nurses seem to be mainly giving injections and infusions, without medical dominance and authority.

On the other hand, the admission requirements of specialist nurses in Hong Kong are higher, and they have to go through at least one year’s internship period. The number and items of specialist nurses are not as good as those in the mainland, but before that, the requirements for nursing professional studies and the qualification certificate of nurses in Hong Kong are much higher than those in the mainland. The division is clear, the responsibilities of medical staff are clear, and the authority is relatively more, Liu Hua said.

Xu Yucai said that in addition to continuously strengthening the training and attention of the nursing team, we must also pay close attention to the academic education and re-education of specialist nurses, which still has a long way to go.

When talking about whether specialist nurses can meet the needs of patients in the future, Liu Huaxian, who has been engaged in nursing work for most of his life, is worried.

She said that many nurses in the team don’t talk about basic medical knowledge of physiology and biochemistry, and they can’t even recite the element list. These nursing technical teams dare not let him get started even if they really let go of the prescription right.

The lack of high-level professionals is a common pain point in the industry. At present, public hospitals are required to recruit employees above junior college, but there are not so many qualified talents in the market. What should we do? They are all sent to the hospital in disguise through the way of third-party labor delivery. Isn’t this selling dog meat?

Liu Hua said that to change the current situation of the nursing industry, it is far from enough to rely solely on personal identity with the profession, mainly relying on the improvement of basic terms at the social level. She is looking forward to the subsequent impact of opening up nurses’ prescription rights.

Can the spring of nursing industry be far behind after the nurse’s prescription right is released?

(The author is a medical researcher of Caijing. Some interviewees such as Liu Hua and zhangyan are pseudonyms, and some interviewees are provided by Shenzhen Hezheng Hospital.)

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Caijiandao (id: artofwealthandhealth), Author: Zhang Yuqi, Yan Yang, Editor: Yang Zhongxu

Jing Zheng Fa [2017] No.33

District People’s governments, municipal government commissions, offices and bureaus, and municipal institutions:

　　The "Several Policies and Measures on Further Stimulating the Vitality of Key Groups to Increase the Income of Urban and Rural Residents" are hereby printed and distributed to you, please earnestly organize their implementation.

the people’s government of beijing city

December 7, 2017

Some policies and measures to further stimulate the vitality of key groups and drive urban and rural residents to increase their income

　　In order to implement the "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Stimulating the Vitality of Key Groups to Drive Urban and Rural Residents to Increase Income" (Guo Fa [2016] No.56), further stimulate the vitality of key groups in this city and drive urban and rural residents to increase income, the following policies and measures are formulated in combination with the actual situation.

　　First, improve the income distribution policy of getting more for more work and getting more for those with high skills, and improve the treatment level and social status of skilled personnel.

　　(A) innovative skills talent salary promotion mechanism. Guide enterprises to reasonably determine the salary level of skilled posts, and the salary growth rate can be faster than other posts. Increase the incentives for skill elements to participate in the distribution, encourage qualified enterprises to adopt agreed salary and share dividends, and try out the annual salary system, equity system and option system to raise the income level of skilled talents. State-owned enterprises engaged in strategic emerging industries, implementing major scientific research and innovation projects, and undertaking the task of inheriting and developing Chinese traditional culture introduce and employ high-skilled talents in key positions or in urgent need, and their total wages are not limited.

　　(2) Innovative incentive mechanism for high-skilled talents. Highly skilled talents who have won national skill awards can enjoy incentive allowances. The leader of the national skill master studio and the municipal chief technician studio can enjoy the work allowance. Winners of the World Skills Competition, the top five players in the national first-class skills competition and the top five players in the city’s first-class skills competition can enjoy the award-winning allowance. High-skilled talents who have made outstanding contributions in this Municipality enjoy the same reward standards as scientific, technical and management talents who have made outstanding contributions in this Municipality, and bonuses that meet the provisions of the tax law are exempt from paying personal income tax.

　　(3) The breakthrough mechanism for the career development of innovative skilled personnel. Overall consideration of skills training, vocational education and higher education, the establishment of professional qualifications and the corresponding professional titles, academic qualifications can be compared with the recognition system. Graduates of senior technical schools and technician colleges in senior classes and technician (preparatory technician) classes enjoy corresponding treatment policies in terms of participating in the recruitment of enterprises and institutions, determining the starting salary standard, job title evaluation and employment, and job promotion, etc. High-skilled talents in key industries and key positions who meet the application conditions can directly participate in the professional and technical titles of the corresponding engineering series. Encourage the city’s universities and technical colleges to hire outstanding high-skilled talents as distinguished professor, and honor the treatment according to the standard of senior professional and technical posts.

　　(4) The transformation and sharing mechanism of innovative skill achievements. Encourage the "double-qualified" backbone teachers in universities and technical colleges in this city to innovate and start businesses, work part-time in scientific research institutions and enterprises, carry out project cooperation or start enterprises, and enjoy the distribution of rights and interests such as the transfer of achievements and development income or part-time remuneration. Support the national skills master studio team to carry out project cooperation with experts selected for major talent projects such as the National "Thousand Talents Program" and Beijing "Haiju Project" and their innovative teams, and give policy support according to the technical level, project scale and performance output of the cooperative projects. Encourage the city’s scientific research and innovation projects to hire high-skilled talents to join the scientific research and technology team, improve the team talent structure, and promote the transformation, popularization and application of scientific and technological achievements and skills achievements.

　　(V) Training mechanism for innovative skilled personnel. Establish and improve the system of full-time job skills training and lifelong training, improve the professional quality and skill level of skilled personnel, and optimize the gradient distribution structure of skilled personnel in this city. Implement the "100 million" golden blue collar boosting plan and increase the training of innovative high-skilled talents. Promote the docking of training and employment, and provide free skills training and entrepreneurship training for the unemployed in cities and towns, rural migrant workers, college graduates and demobilized soldiers registered in accordance with regulations. Give full play to the function of unemployment insurance in promoting employment and preventing unemployment. Employees of enterprises in this city who have participated in unemployment insurance for more than 3 years according to law and obtained vocational qualification certificates or vocational skill level certificates may apply for skills upgrading subsidies within 12 months after obtaining the certificates, and the required funds shall be charged from the unemployment insurance fund according to regulations. Carry out the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Vocational Skills Competition, encourage and guide skilled talents to learn technology, practice skills and innovate, and constantly discover and select skilled craftsmen.

　　Two, increase the cultivation and support, to stimulate new professional farmers to increase new kinetic energy.

　　(six) to improve the income of new professional farmers. Formulate guiding opinions on the cultivation of new professional farmers in this Municipality, and incorporate the cultivation of new professional farmers into the relevant planning of the city’s secondary and higher vocational education and academic education, so as to improve the level of cultivation. We will improve the education and training system for new professional farmers, optimize and adjust all kinds of agricultural and rural education and training resources such as agriculture-related colleges and agricultural technology extension institutions, and encourage farmers to receive vocational education and skills training on the spot by means of "part-farming and part-reading". We will continue to implement projects such as the new professional farmers’ cultivation project and the modern young farmers’ plan, start the rotation training plan for the leaders of new agricultural business entities, and accelerate the cultivation of a number of farmers, large professional households, agricultural professional managers and farmers’ cooperative leaders. Carry out e-commerce ladder training for agricultural products, and improve the informatization professional skills, e-commerce application level and marketing promotion ability of new agricultural business entities and professional farmers.

　　(seven) tap the potential of modern agriculture to increase income. Encourage farmers to adopt cost-saving and efficiency-increasing technologies, select high-quality new agricultural varieties, develop and popularize agricultural high-efficiency and water-saving technologies, and carry out pilot projects such as agricultural waste resource recovery and recycling, so as to reduce agricultural production costs and improve land output rate, resource utilization rate and labor productivity. Further improve the agricultural financing guarantee service system, improve agricultural insurance products and services, and support farmers to develop modern agriculture. Vigorously develop e-commerce of agricultural products, promote the construction of "one village, one product+e-commerce", support the construction of a number of "agricultural postal service stations" in the suburbs, encourage the construction of the Internet of Things in agricultural product production bases, and support the sale of fresh agricultural products through e-commerce. Promote the transformation and upgrading of the whole agricultural industrial chain, encourage farmers to share the value-added benefits of the integration and development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and increase operational income.

　　(8) Broaden the channels for increasing the income of new professional farmers. Encourage and guide new professional farmers to establish new agricultural business entities and agricultural socialized service entities such as leading family farms, farmers’ cooperatives, agricultural enterprises, agricultural socialized service organizations and rural tourism service organizations, implement integrated operation of production, processing and marketing, and extend the agricultural industrial chain. New professional farmers who actively start businesses and promote employment can enjoy post subsidies and social insurance subsidies according to regulations. Support migrant workers and college graduates to return to their hometowns to start businesses. Combined with the construction of beautiful countryside, we should improve the separation of ownership, contracting and management rights of rural land, support the establishment of land joint-stock cooperatives, encourage farmers to carry out land joint-stock cooperation, guide the transfer of land management rights to new agricultural management entities, and promote moderate scale operation. We will further promote the pilot project of collective management construction land in towns and villages, increase the efforts to revitalize rural stock construction land, and promote farmers’ income. Accelerate the registration and certification of rural homesteads, encourage diversified subjects to participate in revitalizing rural idle farmhouses and homesteads, develop industries such as healthy old-age care and leisure tourism, and increase farmers’ income.

　　Three, the implementation of the incentive mechanism to increase the value of knowledge, to stimulate the scientific and technological innovation of scientific research personnel.

　　(9) Improve the mechanism for determining the salary level of scientific research personnel. Give universities and scientific research institutions in this city greater control over people and property, so that they can implement flexible performance appraisal and income distribution methods in combination with post characteristics, and ensure the reasonable salary of scientific research personnel. Encourage the city’s scientific research institutions to hire outstanding scientific research personnel to implement the agreed salary, and the total salary of relevant scientific research personnel is not limited. Encourage universities and scientific research institutions in this city to introduce social evaluation mechanism and participate in the performance appraisal of scientific research personnel.

　　(10) Improve the incentive mechanism for scientific researchers. State-owned scientific and technological enterprises can implement measures such as scientific and technological achievements shares, stock options and dividend incentives to enhance incentives for key positions and core backbones. Universities and scientific research institutions in this Municipality can use part of the proceeds from transforming scientific and technological achievements, undertaking competitive financial scientific research projects and providing open sharing services for scientific research facilities and instruments as incentives for scientific researchers, and include them in the total wages of this unit in the current year. We will further implement the intellectual property strategy, establish and improve the system of creation, application, protection and management of intellectual property rights, and increase the protection of intellectual property rights for scientific and technological innovations. Give full play to the effectiveness of the patent grant, and grant the patent applicant the application fee after the patent is authorized.

　　(eleven) to support scientific research personnel to innovate and start businesses. Universities and scientific research institutions in this city can set up scientific and technological achievements transformation posts according to their needs, and employ high-level talents who are in urgent need of innovation and entrepreneurship. Scientific researchers who work in the post of transforming scientific and technological achievements can participate in the evaluation and appointment of senior professional titles of their own units, and do not occupy the positions of senior professional and technical posts of their own units; Those who meet the requirements can participate in the professional and technical qualifications of senior engineers (professors) of Zhongguancun high-end leading talents. Encourage the scientific research personnel of universities and scientific research institutions in this city to work part-time or on-the-job to establish enterprises or carry out project cooperation with enterprises, and obtain corresponding remuneration and income from the transformation of achievements according to regulations. Encourage the scientific research personnel of universities and scientific research institutions in this city to leave their posts and start businesses. During the period of leaving their posts and starting businesses, the unit where they work can retain personnel relations and job ranks, pay basic wages, and pay social insurance, occupational annuities and housing accumulation funds; Scientific researchers who leave their posts to start businesses still enjoy the right to participate in the evaluation and appointment of professional titles, promotion of post grades and assessment and reward.

　　Four, improve the innovation and entrepreneurship policy and service system, guide and support small and micro entrepreneurs to generate income and get rich.

　　(12) Optimize the entrepreneurial access environment. Deepen the reform of the commercial system, relax the restrictions on the registration conditions of the main residences (business premises) in the newly registered market, and promote the registration reform of residences such as "one photo and multiple addresses". Support qualified enterprises to register in science and technology incubation cluster, cultural and creative industry base, creative space, small and medium-sized enterprise entrepreneurship base, college student pioneer park, etc., and enjoy relevant preferential policies and facilitation measures. Science and technology, cultural and creative enterprises registered in Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone may no longer apply for branch business licenses if they set up business premises separated from their residences within the administrative area of this Municipality. Optimize the approval process, implement "one form application, one window acceptance, one notification", and implement "multiple certificates in one". We will further promote the whole process of electronic industrial and commercial registration, and gradually implement the system of independent pre-inspection of names in the city.

　　(XIII) Reduce the cost of venture financing. Actively promote the operation of venture capital funds in emerging industries, and guide social capital to support the development of innovative enterprises in incubation period, initial stage and growth period. We will implement the guarantee loan policy for business start-ups, give financial interest subsidies to qualified entrepreneurs, and further simplify the loan process. Establish a linkage mechanism between investment and loan of science and technology enterprises, and encourage financial institutions to provide financing products combining stock, debt and loan. Support small and micro enterprises in intellectual property custody and intellectual property pledge financing.

　　(14) Increase entrepreneurial support. Encourage qualified personnel to find jobs and start businesses in the field of e-commerce, and employees of online merchants registered by industry and commerce can enjoy various employment and entrepreneurship support policies; Those who have not been registered for industry and commerce can be identified as flexible employees and enjoy corresponding support policies. Give full play to the role of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises in promoting special funds and focus on supporting technological innovation projects of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. Increase tax support, small and low-profit enterprises that meet the requirements can enjoy preferential corporate income tax according to regulations; Small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises can enjoy the deduction policy of R&D expenses according to regulations; Venture capital enterprises can enjoy pre-tax deduction of income tax when investing in seed-stage and start-up technology-based enterprises. Self-founded enterprises (including individual industrial and commercial households) and promote employment of urban and rural people with employment difficulties, registered unemployed people, fresh college graduates, retired soldiers, enterprise workers, etc., can enjoy post subsidies and social insurance subsidies according to regulations.

　　(fifteen) to strengthen the construction of public service system. Give full play to the role of special funds for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Beijing, cultivate a number of high-quality public service platforms for small and medium-sized enterprises and innovation and entrepreneurship bases for small and micro enterprises, and provide high-quality services in finance and human resources for small and micro enterprises and innovative entrepreneurs. Strengthen the construction of the launching platform for new technologies and new products. The identified new technologies and new products (services) can be released on the launching platform and enjoy policy support such as government procurement and marketing. Strengthen the teaching management and teaching staff construction of designated institutions for entrepreneurship training, and continuously improve the quality of entrepreneurship training. Select outstanding entrepreneurial projects for entrepreneurs to choose from, and strengthen follow-up services to promote entrepreneurial success. Increase the assistance for intellectual property rights protection of small and micro enterprises.

　　Fifth, innovate the incentive mechanism of fair competition and support the development and income increase of enterprise management personnel.

　　(sixteen) improve the incentive mode of state-owned enterprise management personnel. Establish and improve the incentive and restraint mechanism for the heads of state-owned enterprises, implement a differentiated salary distribution mechanism, and reasonably determine the salary level of the heads of state-owned enterprises appointed by the organization according to factors such as enterprise functional orientation and enterprise efficiency. We will accelerate the reform of the professional manager system in state-owned enterprises, implement a market-based salary distribution mechanism for professional managers who are selected by the market, and explore and improve the medium-and long-term incentive mechanism closely linked to performance appraisal in various ways. Promote state-owned enterprise managers to participate in the pilot project of employee stock ownership in mixed ownership enterprises. Piloting the participation of managers of state-owned scientific and technological enterprises in equity and dividend incentives.

　　(seventeen) to strengthen the entrepreneurial incentives of private entrepreneurs. Eliminate all kinds of hidden barriers, encourage private enterprises to enter more fields according to law, and support private enterprises to participate in the restructuring and joint venture of municipal state-owned enterprises. Explore the establishment of a negative list of regional or industry market access, clarify the prohibited and restricted items, contents and scope, further refine and clarify the boundaries of government responsibilities, and better promote entrepreneurial innovation. Adhere to the equal protection of property rights in accordance with the law, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the legitimate rights and interests, legitimate business operations and legitimate income of non-public enterprises and individuals, and create a fair, just, transparent and stable environment ruled by law. In strict accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and this Municipality, the property involved shall be sealed up, detained, frozen, kept and disposed of according to law, so as to minimize the impact on the normal production and business activities of the non-public enterprises involved.

　　Six, adhere to the combination of employment incentives and guarantee, encourage and guide the difficult groups with the ability to work to get rid of difficulties and increase income.

　　(eighteen) to promote accurate industrial assistance. Increase financial support for agriculture, give full play to the role of special funds for low-income groups, and focus on supporting low-income villages and low-income farmers to develop characteristic industries; Explore the implementation of the asset income assistance system, and continue to promote the income increase of low-income farmers and the development of low-income villages. Increase financial support for agriculture. Enterprises and farmers’ professional cooperatives can purchase agricultural products from low-income villages, and low-income village collective economic organizations or farmers’ professional cooperatives and low-income farmers can enjoy policies such as loan interest discount and guarantee fee subsidy according to regulations. Encourage and support enterprises and farmers’ professional cooperatives to build agricultural production bases and processing projects in low-income villages or their towns and villages.

　　(nineteen) improve the basic living security mechanism. Implement the minimum wage guarantee system and adjust the minimum wage standard in this Municipality in a timely manner. Improve the minimum living security system, optimize the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the minimum living security standard, and ensure the basic life of families. Establish and improve the basic living security mechanism for enterprises to divert employees. In the process of adjustment, transformation, upgrading and relocation, enterprises in this city should pay social insurance premiums for employees who are not on the job and pay living expenses not less than 70% of the minimum wage in this city. Encourage enterprises to stabilize the employment of employees, and give stable post subsidies to qualified enterprises, the amount of which shall not exceed 50% of the total amount of unemployment insurance premiums actually paid by enterprises and their employees in the previous year.

　　(twenty) to stimulate the employment and income of people with difficulties. Carry out job skills training for people with difficulties in working ability to improve their employability. Implement the rural labor transfer employment project, strengthen the docking of post resources and labor resources, and organize targeted and fixed-point recruitment in areas where low-income farmers are concentrated. We will extend the mechanism of placing people with employment difficulties in rural areas, make full use of public welfare posts to place people with employment difficulties in rural areas of this city, and increase farmers’ wage income. The employment incentive policy will be implemented, and the income of low-income applicants and low-income objects who have achieved employment will be reduced according to regulations when the family income is approved. The implementation of the policy of gradual withdrawal of assistance, for the subsistence allowances who have achieved employment and voluntarily declared, if the monthly per capita income of the family is higher than the minimum living standard, they can enjoy the gradual withdrawal of assistance according to regulations.

　　(twenty-one) to establish and improve the service system of precision relief policy. Formulate measures for the implementation of social assistance, improve the assistance system for low-income families, improve the methods for determining the economic situation of social assistance families, and form an accurate and stepped assistance model. Implement the medical assistance project, implement the education aid Plan, improve the housing assistance policy, improve the heating assistance measures, strengthen the temporary assistance function, and ensure that people facing specific difficulties get corresponding assistance. We will fully implement the serious illness insurance system for urban and rural residents, improve the serious illness relief policy for urban workers, and moderately tilt to the needy. Actively develop philanthropy and attract more charitable resources to participate in precision assistance.

　　Seven, improve the incentive mechanism and welfare system, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of grassroots cadres.

　　(twenty-two) improve the wage distribution policy. In accordance with the overall deployment of the country, combined with the actual situation of this Municipality, we will implement the normal adjustment mechanism of basic wages, improve the subsidy system for township work subsidies, and implement the regional additional subsidy system. Promote the institutionalization of civil servant salary adjustment, and promote the wage income level of civil servants to adapt to the economic and social development and price consumption level of this city.

　　(twenty-three) improve the differentiated incentive mechanism. We will improve the performance appraisal system for civil servants. On the basis of year-end performance appraisal, we will implement the peacetime appraisal system for civil servants, and the assessment results will be linked to wages. Promote the implementation of the parallel system of civil servants’ positions and ranks, and give full play to the incentive effect of ranks on grassroots civil servants. Give moral encouragement and material rewards to the staff who have successfully completed the service guarantee task of major events.

　　(twenty-four) improve the welfare security system. We will promote the monetization reform of civil servants’ job consumption and welfare benefits, standardize reform subsidies and improve housing security and other related benefits in light of the city’s economic and social development level and the actual situation of cadres, and form a welfare system with monetary benefits as the mainstay and physical benefits as the supplement, so as to realize transparent operation and accept social supervision.

　　Eight, strengthen the organization and implementation

　　(25) Improve organizational leadership. The establishment of a joint meeting system for deepening the reform of the income distribution system in Beijing will take stimulating the vitality of key groups to increase the income of urban and rural residents as an important part of the joint meeting, strengthen overall coordination, form a joint policy force, and accelerate the relevant work. All districts and relevant departments should take the implementation of the income distribution policy and increase the income of urban and rural residents as an important task, intensify their work, refine policies and measures, and implement precise incentives for key groups. The joint meeting of deepening the reform of the income distribution system should establish a supervision and assessment mechanism, organize special supervision and comprehensive assessment on a regular basis, and ensure that all policies and measures are implemented.

　　(twenty-six) improve the monitoring and evaluation. Explore the establishment of personal income and property information system, collect relevant information of residents’ income and property through multiple channels and levels under the premise of ensuring information security and standardized utilization, and use technologies such as big data and cloud computing to innovate income monitoring methods and improve the monitoring level of residents’ income information. Establish a comprehensive evaluation mechanism of macro-economy, relevant policies and micro-data, and evaluate the implementation and effect of relevant policies.

　　(twenty-seven) to strengthen the guidance of public opinion. Create a good social environment to encourage income increase and get rich, vigorously carry forward the spirit of hard work and get rich, strengthen the guidance of public opinion in protecting property rights according to law, promoting entrepreneurship and improving people’s livelihood, do a good job in policy interpretation and publicity, and constantly stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of all workers.